yrammuS 要概114Veinardi SuendoTjokorde Walmiki SAMADHI115Development of Surface Modified Synthetic Graphite Films as Economical Counter Electrodes in Dye-sensitized Solar Cell Fabrication(Project 2015)Application of Glassy Waste Materials for the Synthesis of Eco-Friendly Geopolymers(Project 2015)79for banana improvement program for important trait such as disease resistance. Blood Disease is bacterial wilt disease which can generates loss of banana production in Indonesia and caused by Blood Disease Bacterium (BDB). However, studies regarding expression of such genes on plant defense mechanism on blood disease are not available. Aim of this study are to isolate and characterize of BDB from banana pulp-infected BDB and to analyze the genes expression analysis during BDB treatment as the candidate of resistance genes. To date, studies on gene expression patterns using transcriptome profiling and qPCR method have not been carried out on resistance and susceptible bananas cultivars from Indonesia. To understand the resistance mechanism in banana plant against BDB, we performed isolation and characterization of BDB and challenged the BDB against two cultivars of bananas: Mas Kirana (AA group) as a resistant cultivar, and Klutuk (BB group) as a susceptible cultivar. The BDB isolate was collected from banana cultivar Nangka-infected BDB in Balai Penelitian Buah Tropika (Subang, Indonesia). The collected BDB is 100% perfectly match with previous BDB characterized. Afterward, we challenged the two cultivars of banana with BDB suspensions (2,5 ml with density of 107 cfu/ml) and injected to both cultivars after 6 months of age and about 5 cm above ground surface. The BDB symptoms were observed both in an injected banana. As a results, BDB symptoms were recognized in Klutuk-infected BDB after 1 week which showed the petioles of outer leaves become flaccid and withered leaf, yellowish, a reddish-brown discoloration of stem, brown weevil and became rot. In the contrary, Mas Kirana-infected BDB did not show any BDB symptoms as we were expected before since it is resistant cultivar. Gene expression of MaACO and MaACS2 was measured with Reverse Transcriptase (RT) PCR. Molecular analysis showed MaACO and MaACS2 were not differentially expressed both in Mas Kirana and Klutuk after BDB injection. The study will be followed by transcriptomics sequencing.Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is an economical photovoltaic device that converts light energy into electricity. It is only composed of a few components: photosensitizer, transparent conductive oxide glass, TiO2 film and electrolyte. Counter electrode used is Platinum (Pt), but they are expensive. Therefore, graphite is used as an alternative to replace Pt, but the performance of DSSC using synthetic graphite counter electrode is low because synthetic graphite surface is flat and non-porous so that the flow of electrons from the external circuit to the oxidized dye is slow. Therefore, modification of the surface of the synthetic graphite to increase Performance of DSSC using graphite counter electrode. Modifications were done of synthetic graphite/PANI electropolymerization, synthetic graphite -blend PANI/graphite (1:3) and resulted that the efficiency of counter electrode synthetic graphite -blend PANI/graphite (1:3) have highest value (1.72 %). Meanwhile the modification surface of counter electrode which used PANI-ES and SPAN-PANI resulted that the efficiency of PANI-ES higher that SPAN-PANI due to porous surface morphology of SPAN-PANI surfaces. Geopolymer produced by reacting aluminosilicate solids and alkali is an attractive replacement for ordinary Portland cement (OPC) due to its lower carbon footprint and its ability to consume solid waste materials. This research investigates the formulation of geopolymer using commonly found wastes in Indonesia, namely coal fly ash (FA), rice husk ash (RHA), palm oil fuel ash (POFA), and metallurgical slag. Thermochemical computation suggests that good thermal resistance is obtained by limiting slag and biomass ash contents to 50 and 15 %-mass, respectively. Preliminary experiments highlight the necessity to burn off residual carbon before ash is used to
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