99DwiIrwanto100ElviRESTIAWATYInvestigation of Mechanical Behavior of Austenitic Stainless Steels by Means of In-situ Test in Lead-alloy Environment (Project 2016)Development of Biorefinery from Lignocellulosic Biomass: Production of Bioethanol (Project 2016)69Fast reactors and targets in spallation neutron sources of accelerator driven system (ADS) are considering Pb-alloy as a coolant. However, Pb-alloy is rather corrosive medium for most structural materials, e.g. steels. Furthermore, mechanically treated materials should be analyzed in order to gain comprehensive understanding of the corrosion behavior. Several degree of in situ bending test will be conducted. In this research we analyze the effect of Pb-alloy environment on mechanical strength in the mean of computer simulation and static corrosion test on ferritic martensitic steel and austenitic stainless steel under Pb-alloy high temperature. Below 600 C, softening mechanism occurred, on the other hand hardening mechanism occurred at around 800C. Static corrosion test for heat treated steels of YUS409D shows thicker oxide layer than SS316L.Sugarcane bagasse and vetiver leaves can be obtained as solid waste in the sugar and essential oil industries, respectively. In the industry, sugarcane bagasse and vetiver leave is utilized as solid fuel for boiler. In this study, the lignocellulosic biomass, such as sugarcane bagasse and vetiver leave, was utilized as a potential raw material for liquid fuel production, i.e. bioethanol, which has several advantages over direct use as solid fuel. Sugarcane bagasse and vetiver leaves have high content of cellulose and hemicellulose. Using the proper biomass pretreatment, the total cellulose and hemicellulose content can be increased and can improve the bioethanol production yield. The cellulose and hemicellulose content of sugarcane bagasse detected after alkaline pretreatment were 54%-w/w and 20%-w/w, respectively. While in vetiver leave, the cellulose and hemicellulose content detected with the alkaline peroxide pretreatment were 65% and 18%, respectively. In this study, solid-state fermentation of sugarcane bagasse was investigated to produce ethanol. The inoculum concentration and medium variation can influence the ethanol production yield. The mixture of soybean and sugarcane bagasse gave the highest bioethanol production yield, compared to sole medium. 8 g bioethanol per 100 g mixture of dried sugarcane bagasse and soybean was obtained with the initial inoculum of 2.5 × 106 cell. This study also intended to look at other potential of vetiver leaves as a source of renewable energy. Pretreatment of the vetiver leaves was conducted using hot water, dilute acid, alkaline & dilute acid, and alkaline peroxide, in which each method was accompanied by thermal treatment. The results showed that the alkaline peroxide treatment is a suitable for vetiver leaves as indicated by the increase of cellulose content up to 65.1%, while the contents of hot water soluble, hemicellulose, lignin, and ash are 8.7%, 18.3%, 6.8%, and 1.1%, respectively. Using this pretreatment method, the vetiver leaves can be converted into bioethanol by SSF process using Neurospora sp. with a concentration of bioethanol of 6.7 g/L operated at room temperature.
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