82Kreangkrai MANEEINTR83Tanapat PALAGA84Supaart SIRIKANTARAMASCoal Combustion Product Utilization for Degraded Soil Improvement in Nan Province(Project 2019)Crosstalk Between Liver Cancer Cells and Tumor Associated Macrophages in a Three-Dimensional Spheroid Culture(Project 2019)Functional Identification of Dof Transcription Factors Controlling Auxin Biosynthesis and Starch Degradation in Durian Fruit Ripening(Project 2019)62Bottom ash applied in many industries can be used in agriculture to improve soil quality by adjusting the pH in soil and provide some nutrients. Moreover, soil degradation is a major problem in agricultural countries. Soil degradation is the decline in soil quality due to the improper land use. In Thailand, soil degradation is a serious problem in agriculture in the northern mountainous areas. Therefore, the objective of this research is to apply the bottom ash to improve soil quality of degraded soil in Nan province, Thailand and to investigate the effects of amount of bottom ash from 0-30% by weight on pH, electrical conductivity, bulk density and soil texture. Also, corn is grown in the real field environment with bottom ash to see the quality of products. From the results, with higher amount of bottom ash, the quality of degraded soil has been improved especially pH and soil texture. The bulk density of soil decreases at all rates of bottom ash which is favorable for plant growth. This research is applied to improve the yield for plant growing. The results show the improvement of product quality, including the corn height, the size and completeness of corn products.Monocytes and macrophages are innate immune cells that play essential roles in host defense against infections. Their roles in cancer, are increasingly appreciated. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) often correlate with poor disease outcomes by promoting tumor growth and metastasis. Because tumor cells and TAMs interact in a complex three dimension (3D) in vivo, it is more relevant to study the 3D interaction in vitro. In this study, we set up a 3D tumor spheroid culture and investigated the impact on monocytes. 3D spheroid culture of two liver cancer cell lines, PLC/PRF/5 and HepG2, restored expression of liver cancer markers and cancer stem cell markers. Co-culturing cancer spheroids with primary CD14+ monocytes increased expression of CD206 and CD163 while decreased M1 markers. This effect was seen only in infiltrated monocytes. Taken together, these results strongly indicated that direct contact of cancer cells and monocytes conditions TAMs to take the tumor promoting phenotypes. DNA binding with one finger (Dof) transcription factor family regulates diverse biological processes, including fruit ripening. Here, comprehensive transcriptome analysis revealed 24 Dofs in durian pulps (DzDofs), out of which 15 were expressed in the fruit pulp. Some of these DzDofs harboured a differential expression, but durian cyclic Dof2 (DzcDof2) and DzDof2.1 exhibited marked ripening-associated expression patterns during post-harvest ripening of two commercial durian cultivars from Thailand, Monthong and Phuangmanee and were selected as candidate Dofs. Correlation network analysis of DzcDof2 with target ripening-related genes revealed a strong positive correlation between DzcDof2 and ethylene biosynthetic genes, followed by DzcDof2 and auxin biosynthesis, and DzcDof2 and beta-amylase, involved in starch degradation. Hence, we suggest a ripening-associated role of DzcDof2 possibly through transcriptional regulation of ethylene and auxin biosynthesis and starch degradation. Moreover, dual-luciferase reporter
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