yrammuS 要概Cultural Anthropological Research Concerning the Sphere of Intimacy Among Aged Residents of Outlying Islands and Their Ties with the Local Community - Comparison of island communities facing population decrease in Japan and China - (Project 2020)financial mechanisms, for which ear-marked tax on petrochemical products could be taken as a revenue op-tion. Against some critiques, this ear-marked tax may not cause a serious social unrest.本研究では，香川県の離島に居住する高齢者の家族生活の実態を把握し，家族の個人化が進む日本社会での高齢者の親密圏と地域社会とのつながりを明らかにすることを目的とした．調査の結果，高齢者の家族生活においては，家族の本質的個人化，高齢者の社会的孤立が顕著であることが判明した．また子ども世代は，親世代とのつながりは維持しつつも，伝統的なイエの継承からは意識上も生活上も解放されている．島で独居する老父母は長男がイエを継承することを期待はするが，家族のつながりを決定するのは，もはや伝統的なイエではない．本研究で明らかになったのは，島で独居する高齢の親世代と島外に暮らす子ども世代，それぞれに家族の本質的個人化が認められることである．The purpose of this study is to research the actual family lives of the elderly living on a remote island in Kagawa, and to clarify the intimate sphere of the elderly and their ties to the local community, where family members are becoming increasingly individualized. The results of the survey revealed that the lives of the el-derly include individualization of the family and social isolation. In addition, the younger generation, free from the traditional “house” inheritance still tries to maintain ties with their parents’ generation in some way while elderly parents living alone on the island expect their eldest sons who are already “mainlanders” to re-turn to inherit the family home one day. Family ties are weakened after the younger generation finds life on the mainland more attractive than the family home on the island.少子化と高齢化が顕著な農山村地域では，農山村が担ってきた伝統・文化，生物多様性や生態系サービスの保全，治山治水などの国土防災，水源涵養等の『グリーンインフラとしての機能』の維持が困難になっている．国は，新技術による生産性の大幅な向上を推進しているものの，農業の継続に不可欠な集落単位での作業（例えば，水路やため池，農道などの農業基盤などの維持管理や草刈りなどの小規模・非定型の作業）に対応できる技術や仕組みは整っておらず，集落内の人口減少によって農業経営が立ち行かなくなる懸念がある．そこで本研究は，将来的に日本全体で生じうる課題を「人口減少・過疎化が進む能登半島」をモデルとして，実地調査と各種統計データを基に分析を行った．In rural areas where the birthrate is declining and the population is aging, it is becoming increasingly difficult to maintain the “green infrastructure functions” that rural villages have provided, such as tradition and culture, biodiversity and ecosystem services conservation, flood control and other land disaster prevention measures, and water source recharge. Although the government has been promoting a significant increase in productivi-ty through new technologies, there is no technology or mechanism in place to deal with the work done at the village level (e.g., maintenance and management of agricultural infrastructure such as waterways, reservoirs, and farm roads, and small-scale, atypical work such as mowing), which is essential for the continuation of agriculture, and there is concern that a decrease in population within villages will make it impossible to con-緒方 宏海80Hiromi OGATA上野 裕介81Yusuke UENO離島在住高齢者の親密圏と地域社会とのつながりに関する文化人類学的研究―日本と中国における人口減少に直面する島嶼社会を比較して―（2020採択）農作業実態に基づく人口減少下での農山村グリーンインフラの維持方策と戦略的土地利用計画の提案（2020採択）Proposal of Strategic Land Use Planning and Maintenance Measures of Rural Village as Green Infrastructure under Declining Population Based on the Record Book of Farmer’s Work (Project 2020)65Rep. Grant. Res., Asahi Glass Foundation (2023)
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